Insect sampling techniques pdf

We designed a new process, called quantitative insect sampling technique quist, for assessing sweep net collection comprehensiveness and efficiency. Insect sweeps are conducted along eight randomly chosen transects three times a year. A beating sheet or beating net is held under vegetation and the foliage firmly tapped with a beating stick to dislodge insects from the branches falling into the net. Traps, plants, leaves pest species and density mobility and distribution cost of a sampling unit accuracy of sampling. Pinniger maff central science laboratory london road, slough, sl3 7hj, uk. Population estimation methods of insects total counts of insect populations are in most cases labour intensive and time consuming. A protocol for sampling immature mosquitoes larvae and pupae is outlined in this document. Drop cloth samples for tarnished plant bug populations may be.

Dec 11, 20 population estimation methods of insects total counts of insect populations are in most cases labour intensive and time consuming. Sampling insect populations for the purpose of ipm. Apr 01, 2004 to relate the various techniques for use in studying lepidoptera population dynamics, data collected from the various sampling methods were compared using the temporal series from individual plots, from each forest total from six plots, and for the entire study area total from all plots of the most common 10 lepidoptera species, including. Except for insects such as leafminers and gall formers, the trouble with sampling most insect species is that they are mobile. Human landing catch hlc is considered the research gold standard for measuring humanmosquito contact, but is unsuitable for largescale sampling. This manual lists equipment and describes techniques and procedures for collecting, preserving, processing, and storing plant specimens. This document is eny277 orginally published in alternatives in insect management by the office of agricultural entomology, university of illinois at. Expedition field techniques insects macro photography. An overview is given of the most frequently applied collecting and recording techniques and the insect taxa that they gather in largest numbers.

Pest monitoring monitoring phytophagous insects and their natural enemies is a fundamental tool in ipm for taking management decision monitoring estimation of changes in insect distribution and abundance. Pdf field methods for inventorying insects researchgate. Schauff systematic entomology laboratory, usda national museum of natural history, nhb 168 washington, d. Sampling with a sweep net is commonly used to monitor many alfalfa pests when alfalfa plants are at least 6 to 10 inches tall. Technical report field sampling methods for mosquitoes, sandflies, biting midges and ticks 3 1 sampling methods for mosquitoes introduction sampling methods for mosquitoes can be divided into four main categories. Other sampling techniques vacuum devices good for lygus bugs but not for soft bodied insects light traps moths, mosquitoes, beetles sticky tape trap transparent cellophane tape sticky on both sides wrap it around small braches used to monitor california red scale in citrus, san jose scale insect.

Sampling, surveillance and forecasting of insect population. Pest species and density mobility and distribution cost of a sampling unit accuracy of sampling unit. Sampling techniques absolute sampling to count all the pests occurring in a plot relative sampling to measure pest in terms of some values which can be compared over time and space e. Insect collecting methods, by joe macgown mississippi. Commonly used methods of surveillance for 177 arthropod species included in the quarantine lists of eu directive 200029 and the european and mediterranean plant protection. Traps may be influenced by their efficiency and the weather, as well as by numbers of insects present. Monitoring degree days determine best time to sample for or control insects mites particular insect mite growth stage predicts insect development by accumulating heat units degree days insects dont grow or grow very slowly above some upper temperature threshold insects dont grow or grow very slowly. Every member of the population is equally likely to be selected. In situ counts visual observation on number of insects. Place a crumpled piece of tissue paper in the jar, to give insects a place to hide so they dont. We present a brief sketch below of common sampling techniques, but suggest the. Standardizing operational vector sampling techniques for.

Sweep net sampling is also used for estimating numbers of lady beetles. Insect collecting refers to the collection of insects and other arthropods for scientific study or as a hobby. Sampling a monitoring strategy sampling collecting repeated systematic data of an organism in its environment over a specified time sampling unit area within the sampling universe from which measurements are taken, eg. Insect surveys insectpest management and control the. Techniques and tools the insects, using nets, aspirators, beating sheets, or whatever apparatus suits his or her particular needs. Abstract the ultimate success of any strategy for pest control is dependent upon the effectiveness of the methods used for monitoring the presence of pests. Parameterestimating sampling or census or total counts gives an accurate estimate of a population. In situ counts visual observation on number of insects on plant canopy. Hatchet, knife, small garden shovel or other tools. Sampling insects requires knowledge of their biology, preferred habitats and activity patterns. Sampling with a sweep netuc pest management guidelines. Protocol for mosquito sampling for mosquito best management. Tweezers or forceps, to pick up insects 35mm film canisters, to hold small insects killing jars, made from peanut butter jars with nail polish remover or alcohol on an absorbent material such as cotton balls or newspaper. Sampling and monitoring for pests and their natural enemies.

The correct timing of sampling requires a knowledge of the insect s life history, and of the stability of the population in place and time. Sampling sampling of commodities by extraction and examination of samples may appear to be relatively simple compared to trapping. Decisionmaking sampling or monitoring or sample count allows precise estimates. Brings together the methodology needed to investigate insects through the various strata of the forest canopy. Comparison of three insect sampling methods in sweetpotato. Light trap sampling is commonly used in insect biodiversity studies. In order to adequately sample the various habitats and many different kinds of.

Five sampling methods were used to monitor insect populations in three regions of each bin. Ozanne and others published techniques and methods for sampling canopy insects find, read and cite all the. Place a crumpled piece of tissue paper in the jar, to give insects a place to hide so they dont beat themselves up trying to escape. Drop cloth samples for tarnished plant bug populations may be more suitable than a sweep net for populations comprised mostly of nymphs because the sweep net catches relatively few nymphs. A wide variety of light traps with different light designs are being used. In the second, the collector participates passively and permits traps to do the work. Collecting recording techniques relevant for atbis of insects. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a pdf. The variation in insect numbers between bins, locations within a bin, farms and years differed with insect species and sampling method. The two sampling techniques discussed here, representative and selective sampling, each play a significant part in application of these macroanalytical procedures to determine whether a. In sampling the biodiversity of insects, there is more use of the passive methods than the active methods, although the latter proves valuable in collecting certain. Sampling insects requires knowledge of their biology, preferred habitats and. Sampling methods that count more insects per unit of sampling effort are considered better.

Terrestrial insects are most diverse groups of animals and contribute to the biodiversity to a large extent. Sampling several techniques are used to confirm the presence of insects. For shorter regrowth, do not rely on sweep net sampling to determine pest numbers. Dec 07, 2005 insect sampling in forest ecosystems highlights the problems faced by entomologists working in forest ecosystems. Insect attractants and traps university of florida. First, these traps are very sensitive and may capture pest insects that are present at densities too low to detect with a reasonable amount of effort using other inspection methods. Traditionally, sampling cotton pests has entailed the visual inspection of plants, sweep or drop cloth samples in a. Various methods have been devised to sample, or estimate the numbers of, arthropods on trees and shrubs. The principles of population sampling, of course, are. Unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook. Various direct and indirect sampling methods for establishing pest populations are discussed and methods have been discussed to use indirect sampling method under ipm programme in. Expedition field techniques insects and other terrestrial arthropods by george c mcgavin published by geography outdoors.

Insect sampling in forest ecosystems methods in ecology. However, as the very word sampling implies, only a proportion of the material is removed for. Insect sampling in forest ecosystems wiley online books. Integrated pest management the key to crop management in any farming system is the prevention of anything that will decrease the amount of crop harvested.

Population divided into different groups from which we sample randomly. Guidelines for collecting macroinvertebrate samples from. Visual survey, actively looking for insects on plants, or using an insect net are the most common nontrap methods utilized in the field and can be equal or better methods of survey for certain insect pests. Insect sampling in forest ecosystems highlights the problems faced by entomologists working in forest ecosystems. Techniques and tools collecting and preserving insects and mites. Techniques and procedures for collecting, preserving. Insect collecting methods, by joe macgown one of the primary goals of the mississippi entomological museum mem is the collection of arthropods, especially insects, in the southeastern united states in an effort to better understand the fauna of this region. General sampling theory has also been applied in particular instances e. Comparison of three insect sampling methods in sweetpotato foliage in mississippp. A practical guide to sampling national audit office. Collection techniques for plant associated and flying insects active plant sampling.

Though there were many sampling techniques light trap, pitfall trap and malaise trap previously employed for the collection of insect fauna in the dnp sheikh et al. The experiment comparing aquatic insect sampling methods in the bridal veil basin is different because it is searching for the largest and most accurate quantity of insects that a sampling tool can collect in a potentially fast moving stream. Insect collecting techniques university of kentucky. This study assessed mosquito catch rates of cdc light trap cdclt, ifakara. Make observations about field conditions while scouting. Dont sample from plants that are obviously more or less healthy than the field generally. A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research 4 preface the manual for sampling techniques used in social sciences is an effort to describe various types of sampling methodologies that are used in researches of social sciences in an easy and understandable way. The reliability of different sampling methodologies changes depending upon the target insect, the stage of cotton growth, and other factors. Operational vector sampling methods lack standardization, making quantitative comparisons of malaria transmission across different settings difficult. The key to prevention is healthy plants and the key to healthy plants is in the soil. Both approaches may be used simultaneously, and both are discussed in the following pages. Many of these procedures were first developed for use in agricultural crops, but several have resulted from investigations on landscape ornamental pests. One of the primary goals of the mississippi entomological museum mem is the collection of arthropods, especially insects, in the southeastern united states in an effort to better understand the fauna of this region.

The objective was to collect all insects within a column of prairie and compare the results to the samples gathered from sweep nets. Because most insects are small and the majority cannot be identified without the examination of minute morphological characters, entomologists often make and maintain insect collections. Simple random sampling in an ordered systematic way, e. Sampling for white grubs and other turfgrass rootfeeding beetle larvae like the hunting billbug is accomplished by digging about 6 inches deep into an area of soil such as 1 sq ft 12 by 12 inches and counting the number of grubs in several locations across the turfgrass area to be able to calculate an average or mean. Killing jars, made from peanut butter jars with nail polish remover or alcohol on an absorbent material such as cotton balls or newspaper. Light trap catch, pheromone trap methods of sampling a.

Evidence that this strategy is faulty is the fact that. Methods are being tested to expand the sampling effort to more accurately. Protocol for mosquito sampling assembly bill 1982 provides funding to implement mosquito best management practices bmps at wildlife areas managed by the california department of fish and game. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read.

Although kairomone attractants have been studied for sampling cucumber beetles jackson et al. Abstract three sampling methods sweepnet,handvacuum modified from a leafvacuum. Getting best value from the disposal of property hc58 session 199900. A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research. Using five sampling methods to measure insect distribution. Sampling strategies can be deduced for each of the included taxonomic groups. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. Sampling insect populations for the purpose of ipm decision. When insect signs pupal cases, empty egg masses are sampled, the retention factor gives rise to certain non sampling errors. Protocol for mosquito sampling for mosquito best management practices on state of californiamanaged wildlife areas july 2005 developed for the integrated pest management committee of the mosquito and vector control association of california, sacramento, ca by. Sunups tracy mcmurphy gets a lesson in insect sampling techniques from osu extension entomologist tom royer. Pest insects feeding on plants, for example, can reduce harvests or destroy crops.

Techniques and methods for sampling canopy insects request pdf. Nov 23, 2018 for bees and natural enemies of insect pests, the ability to effectively assess and monitor their abundance and diversity, and potential effects of land use practices on them, is of vital importance. Sequential classification sampling was only just beginning to be noticed by entomolo gists, but now this method is used extensively e. Insects play a major part in all aspects of ecology. Traps, plant, leaf, berry how do you determine your sampling unit.

Aug 20, 2010 sunups tracy mcmurphy gets a lesson in insect sampling techniques from osu extension entomologist tom royer. Sampling insect populations for pest management pacific. In some cases, destructive sampling, such as peeling. Arevalo uf2004 sampling unit area within the sampling universe from which measurements are taken, eg. Comparison of sampling techniques used in studying. A variety of sampling methods is available, but these methods can be biased and vary widely in performance 6,7,8,9,10,11.